This member of the Euphorbiaceae family was given this name by Hermann Wilhelm Rudolf Marloth in 1931. It is found in south eastern South Africa, growing in a well drained soil with some water and lots of sun. The caudex can grow to twelve centimetres in diameter, the entire plant to 30 centimetres in height. The flowers are brownish to yellow.
The genera name; Euphorbia dates back to the first century BC, where King Juba II of Mauritania used it in a reference to his doctor, Euphorbos, and that name was kept as a generic name by Carl von Linnaeus. The species name; polycephala means "Many headed".

