This member of the Euphorbiaceae family was given this name by John Gilbert Baker in 1894. It is found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Oman, Socotra, Somalia and Yemen, growing in a well drained soil with little water and not that much sun, as is is found in the shade of rocks. The caudex can grow to two and a half centimetres in diameter, the entire plant to ten centimetres in height. The flowers are greenish.
The genera name; Euphorbia dates back to the first century BC, where King Juba II of Mauritania used it in a reference to his doctor, Euphorbos, and that name was kept as a generic name by Carl von Linnaeus. The species name is named after Hadhramaut, a region in South Arabia, located mostly in present-day eastern Yemen.

